Data Guard Broker系列之二：Data Guard Broker配置实战

配置之前DG环境状态

测试的DG环境安装在同一个机器上，当前两个数据库处于同步的状态，两个实例的名字分别是TORCLA和TORCLB，数据库的名字TORCL，数据库DB_DOMAIN设置为mycompany，其他的设置如下。

listener.ora设置

L_dg=
   (address=
        (protocol=tcp)(host=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(port=8000)(queuesize=32)
   )
log_file_L_torcla_001=/tmp/L_torclb_001.log
SID_LIST_L_dg=
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC=
      (ORACLE_HOME=/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db)
      (SID_NAME=torcl)
    )
   )

本地tnsname.ora的设置

torcl.mycompany=
 (DESCRIPTION=
        (ENABLE=BROKEN)
        (ADDRESS_LIST=
                (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000))
        )
        (CONNECT_DATA=
                (SID=torcl)
        )
  )
 
torcla.mycompany=
 (DESCRIPTION=
        (SDU= 32767)
        (ADDRESS_LIST=
                (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000))
                (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000))
        )
        (CONNECT_DATA=
                (SERVICE_NAME=torcla.mycompany)
                (SERVER=DEDICATED)
        )
  )
 
torclb.mycompany=
 (DESCRIPTION=
        (SDU= 32767)
        (ADDRESS_LIST=
                (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000))
                (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000))
        )
        (CONNECT_DATA=
                (SERVICE_NAME=torclb.mycompany)
                (SERVER=DEDICATED)
        )
  )

DG的相关设置

 

-- 保护模式
SYS@torclb> SELECT DATABASE_ROLE,  PROTECTION_MODE, OPEN_MODE, SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;
DATABASE_ROLE        PROTECTION_MODE           OPEN_MODE       SWITCHOVER_STATUS
-------------------- ------------------------- --------------- --------------------
primary              MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE       READWRITE      SESSIONS ACTIVE
 
-- 日志归档相关设置
SYS@torclb> show parameter log_archive_dest_1
NAME                                 TYPE                              VALUE
------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_1                   string                            location="/data1/dg/databases/
                                                                       torclb/redolog", valid_for=(ONL
                                                                       INE_LOGFILE,ALL_ROLES)
 
SYS@torclb> show parameter log_archive_dest_2
NAME                                 TYPE                              VALUE
------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_1                   string                            SERVICE=torcla.mycompanyvalid_fo
                                                                       tr=(online_logfile, primary_ro
                                                                       tle)REOPEN=60OPTIONALLGWRS
                                                                       tYNCAFFIRMdb_unique_name=torcla

broker设置准备工作

下面按照上一篇文章所列出的准备工作清单一一做一遍。

设置primary和standby使用spfile

不管是primary数据库还是standby数据库都要完成这一步，设置完毕后重启下数据库使设置生效。

 

--在当前的primary上
SYS@torclb> create spfile='/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/spfiletorclb.ora' from pfile;
File created.
--在当前的standby上
SYS@torcla> create spfile='/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/spfiletorclb.ora' from pfile;
File created.

然后修改init文件设定spfile参数：

-- primary的init文件
$cat inittorclb.ora
spfile='spfiletorclb.ora'
 
-- standby的init文件
$cat inittorcla.ora
spfile='spfiletorcla.ora'

配置DG_BROKER_CONFIG_FILEn

这里我们的DG_BROKER_CONFIG_FILEn不做特别的设置，使用默认的$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录以及两个默认的文件名dr1.dat和dr2.dat。

当然也可以用sqlplus通过下面语句设定不同的目录，要注意在两个数据库上面都要设置：

alter system set dg_broker_config_file1='/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/dr1torcla.dat';
alter system set dg_broker_config_file2='/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/dr2torcla.dat'

设置local_listener

这一步设置是为了保证一些service name能正确的被注册上。

SYS@torcla> alter system set local_listener='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000)))' scope=both;
System altered.

添加静态的_unique_name_DGMGRL.db_domain注册

在当前的测试环境中primary和standby是在同一机器上面，因此这个service name的设置也是在同一个listener.ora文件上，设置完了以后的listener.ora如下

L_dg=
   (address=
        (protocol=tcp)(host=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(port=8000)(queuesize=32)
   )
log_file_L_torcla_001=/tmp/L_torclb_001.log
SID_LIST_L_dg=
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC=
      (ORACLE_HOME=/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db)
      (SID_NAME=torcl)
    )
     (SID_DESC=
      (ORACLE_HOME=/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db)
      (SID_NAME=torcla)
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME=torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany)
    )
     (SID_DESC=
      (ORACLE_HOME=/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db)
      (SID_NAME=torclb)
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME=torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany)
    )
  )

设置tnsmaes.ora

torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany =
(DESCRIPTION=
   (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT = 8000))
   (CONNECT_DATA=
     (SERVICE_NAME=torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany)))

torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany =
(DESCRIPTION=
   (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT = 8000))
   (CONNECT_DATA=
     (SERVICE_NAME=torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany)))

设置完毕后记得重启下listener，然后查看一下设置的效果：

oracle@orainst[torcla]:~
$lsnrctlserviceL_dg|grep'Service '
Service "torcl"  has 1 instance(s).
Service "torcla.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torcla_XPT.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torclb.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torclb_XPT.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).

从上面的listener上注册的服务我们可以看到动态注册的_XPT已经有了，说明local_listener设置正确，_DGMGRL也配置正确。

 

设置dg_broker_start为TRUE

这一步是启动Data Guard broker monitor（DMON）进程，在两个数据库上面都运行下下面的命令

alter system set dg_broker_start=true scope=both;

然后查看下结果，先看进程是否起来了

oracle@orainst[torcla]:~
$ps -ef|grepdmon|grep -vgrep
oracle   19389     1  009:51 ?        00:00:00ora_dmon_torcla
oracle   19420     1  009:51 ?        00:00:00ora_dmon_torclb

可以看到两个dmon进程都起来了，接下来看看service name _DGB有没有被正确的注册上

oracle@orainst[torcla]:~
$lsnrctl service L_dg| grep 'Service '
Service "torcl" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torcla.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torcla_DGB.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torcla_XPT.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torclb.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torclb_DGB.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).
Service "torclb_XPT.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).

可以看到service name _DGB也正常的注册上了，到现在我们前期的准备工就已经全部完成了。

配置broker

现在我们可以来配置broker了，为了保证配置过程不会因为权限问题导致问题，我们始终都是用sys连接数据库的。

首先使用DGMGRL连接到primary机器上，运行下面的命令：

oracle@orainst[torcla]:~
$dgmgrl sys/[e-mail]
DGMGRL for Linux: Version10.2.0.2.0 - Production
 
Copyright(c)2000, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
 
Welcome to DGMGRL,  type "help" for information.
Connected.
DGMGRL> show configuration
Error: ORA-16532: Data Guard broker configuration does not exist
Configuration details can not be determined by DGMGRL

当前还没有任何的配置信息，现在创建一个配置

 

DGMGRL> create configuration 'FSF' as
> primary database is 'torclb'
> connect identifier is torclb.mycompany;
Configuration "FSF" created with primary database "torclb"

这样我们就创建了一个名为FSF的broker配置，接下来把standby机器也就入到配置中

 

DGMGRL> add database 'torcla' as
> connect identifier is torcla.mycompany
> maintained as physical;
Database "torcla" added

就这两步，broker的最基本配置就完成了，这下可以用show configuration来看成果了。

DGMGRL> show configuration
Configuration
  Name:                FSF
  Enabled:             NO
  ProtectionMode:     MaxPerformance
  Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
  Databases:
    torclb - primary database
    torcla - Physical standby database
 
Current status for "FSF":
DISABLED

可以看到torclb是primary数据库，而torcla是physical standby数据库，不过这是的broker配置的状态是禁用的，说明我们的两个数据库是没有被broker管理的，只是加入到了broker配置中了而已，接下来启用一下。

DGMGRL> enable configuration
Enabled.
DGMGRL> show configuration
Configuration
  Name:                FSF
  Enabled:             YES
  ProtectionMode:     MaxPerformance
  Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
  Databases:
    torclb - primary database
    torcla - Physical standby database
 
Current status for "FSF":
SUCCESS

这样就成了，一个成功的broker配置完成，挺简单的。

最后我们做一个switchover来检验下成果吧，具体的switchover的过程在后面再介绍。

DGMGRL> switchover to torcla
Performing switchover NOW, please wait...
Operation requires shutdown of instance "torclb" on database "torclb"
Shutting down instance "torclb"...
ORA-01109: database not open
 
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shutdown.
Operation requires shutdown of instance "torcla" on database "torcla"
Shutting down instance "torcla"...
ORA-01109: database not open
 
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shutdown.
Operation requires startup of instance "torclb" on database "torclb"
Starting instance "torclb"...
ORACLE instance started.
Database mounted.
Operation requires startup of instance "torcla" on database "torcla"
Starting instance "torcla"...
ORACLE instance started.
Database mounted.
Switchover succeeded, new primary is "torcla"
DGMGRL> show configuration
 
Configuration
  Name:                FSF
  Enabled:             YES
  ProtectionMode:     MaxPerformance
  Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
  Databases:
    torclb - Physical standby database
    torcla - Primary database
 
Current status for "FSF":
SUCCESS
我们已经成功的将primary数据库却换成了torcla，用一个简单的命令，这个就是broker的优势所在，简单！

参考至:http://www.dbabeta.com/2009/learn-data-guard-broker_a-broker-example.html

如有错误，欢迎指正

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